16 Constructing Valid Arguments
Logic
Critical Thinking
Argumentation
Reasoning
Premise-Conclusion Relationships
Synthetic
16.1 Description:
This task involves creating logically sound arguments to support a given conclusion or claim. It evaluates the model’s ability to use premises, apply logical reasoning, and construct a coherent line of thought that leads to a valid conclusion.
16.2 Modality:
Text only
16.3 Examples:
16.3.1 Example 1:
Input:
Construct a valid argument to support the conclusion: "All mammals are warm-blooded."Output:
Premise 1: All animals that can regulate their internal body temperature are warm-blooded.
Premise 2: Mammals have the ability to regulate their internal body temperature.
Conclusion: Therefore, all mammals are warm-blooded.
This argument is valid because if both premises are true, the conclusion must necessarily follow. The first premise establishes the condition for being warm-blooded, and the second premise states that mammals meet this condition. Thus, the conclusion logically follows from these premises.16.3.2 Example 2:
Input:
Construct a valid argument to support the conclusion: "Socrates is mortal."Output:
Premise 1: All humans are mortal.
Premise 2: Socrates is a human.
Conclusion: Therefore, Socrates is mortal.
This argument is valid because it follows the logical structure of a syllogism. If we accept that all humans are mortal (Premise 1) and that Socrates is indeed a human (Premise 2), then it logically follows that Socrates must be mortal. The conclusion is a necessary consequence of the two premises.16.3.3 Example 3:
Input:
Construct a valid argument to support the conclusion: "Eating a balanced diet is beneficial for health."Output:
Premise 1: A balanced diet provides all essential nutrients required for optimal bodily functions.
Premise 2: Optimal bodily functions contribute to good health.
Premise 3: Activities that contribute to good health are beneficial.
Conclusion: Therefore, eating a balanced diet is beneficial for health.
This argument is valid because it builds a logical chain from the properties of a balanced diet to its impact on health. The first premise establishes what a balanced diet provides, the second links this to health, and the third defines what makes something beneficial for health. The conclusion logically follows from these premises.